Conduct of the cadastral account to identify the cadastral value of land

The main objective of cadastral work is to be submitted to Rosreestr information about the land plot in accordance with the actual circumstances. The result of cadastral work is a landmark plan containing relevant information about the land subject to registration in the state cadaster of real estate. After this the customer receives the opportunity to obtain rights to the land in accordance with applicable law to issue or modify specific characteristics of the land.

The cadastral value of land currently is determined by the official valuation methods according to approved standards or individually calculated for the particular object in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation. The cadastral valuation of land means a complex of economic, legal and technical measures: with the help of them the cost of land is defined. Professional cadastral assessment contributes to effective state regulation in the sphere of taxation and turnover of land. The main objective of the work on the cadastral valuation of land plots in the Russian Federation is the creation of a single tax base for calculation and further levying of the land tax.

The objects of cadastral valuation are land parcels and shares and holdings, parts of the territories owned by citizens or juridical persons for use or ownership.

The cadastral valuation have the lands of:

• -    agricultural purpose;

• -    industrial purposes;

• -    special purpose;

• -    protected objects and territories;

• -    suburban associations, farming and gardening associations;

• -    settlements.

Today, the cadastral assessment of land is included in a number of mandatory requirements for transactions with real estate. Independent evaluation is based on land classification, dependent on purpose of each section and its functional use.

Evaluation activities are conducted on the basis of price zoning. Additionally, the factors of land used in the region and the existing building, placement of objects of transport and engineering infrastructure (roads and highways, rivers, railway tracks, etc.) should be taken into account. The boundaries of cadastral districts and areas in the assessment must be also noted.

To conduct specialized work on cadastral valuation involved officially accredited appraisers or legal organization with rights to conduct independent evaluations for municipal and state needs.

Independent cadastral valuation is carried out within the designated element of the plot of land, with well-documented size and clear boundaries, location and legal status, having its own distinctive characteristics. In the cadastral valuation the purpose of the land, its location and specific characteristics of the land are reflected. The assessment directly depends on the location of the land, availability and quality of utilities, transport hubs and actual specialization of neighboring areas and real estate objects.

Cadastral valuation can be made for legal and physical entities to resolve various problems.

Cadastral valuation is performed to:

• -    create conditions for productive work of local governments and ensure the conditions for providing a variety of services to the population and business structures associated with the use of cadastral information;

• -    ensure the property rights to immovable property;

• -    improve tax administration, provide a reliable informative source.

According to the Legislation of the Russian Federation the periodicity of the state cadastral valuation of lands to determine the current cadastral value of the plots is once in three years (not more) and it cannot be less than once in five years [1].

The cadastral value of land is determined by the methodological recommendations, approved by specially taken into account the categories of land and their individual characteristics. The calculation of the cadastral value on the basis of the specific rate of the price of the land (estimated quantities per unit area) is the main in the used methods. The results of the official cadastral valuation of land are recorded in the State land cadaster.

The process of cadastral valuation is carried out by several stages:

• -    Collection of necessary information about the object of evaluation, analysis and justification of the use of certain assessment activities;

• -    Getting information about current price forming factors;

• -    Definition of the evaluation object;

• -    Model building evaluation of technology;

• -    Calculated measures to determine the cadastral cost;

• -    Coordination with the Customer services the intermediate data;

• -    A report of cadastral valuation, with an application of price and graphical calculations, information databases and other documentary sources.

Cadastral valuation of agricultural land is carried out taking into account climatic characteristics of the region, destination of enterprise and the characteristics of the soil. To obtain more reliable data for assessing the cadastral value of agricultural land specialists in the field of Geology and the qualified experts in the field of geodesy may be involved.

Information used in the implementation of the state cadastral valuation is formed as a result of its conduct, form the Foundation of data of the state cadastral valuation. In order to Fund data of the state cadastral valuation issues Rosreestr ensures the collection of baseline data, the results of the state cadastral valuation and monitoring of real estate market. The order of conducting Fund of the data of the state cadastral estimation, and providing information from this Fund is established by the authorized Federal body exercising the functions of normative and legal regulation of evaluation activity [2].

Thus, the mechanism of carrying the cadastral valuation out is a complex process that requires expert and careful preparation of special events, in which the Customer is provided the most correct data and official report.