Activities of conscientious courts in pre-revolutionary Russia (for example of Perm province)

The article studies the issues of the conscience court institution as the manifestation of a special “true to conscience” court form. The legal, philosophical meaning of moral category “conscience” is analyzed. Special attention is given to the specifics of the conscience court organization at the territory of the Perm region. The timeliness of the research is justified by the fact that there has been no research associated with the Perm conscience court, this adding significance to the article. The author notes that the pattern for creating a conscience court in Russia was taken from the English court. The conscience court of the Perm region was considered to be an institution equal to the Chambers of the Criminal and Civil courts, to the Supreme courts and the Governorate Magistrates. The conscience court was to study any case where the application of law could result in injustice. A conclusion is made that the creation of the court bodies with the unclear jurisdiction coming from the moral principles is untimely.