Demographics of the Russian population of the Kola uyezd according to the 1764 register

The problem presented in the title of the article lies within the framework of the current historiographical trend - the historical demography of Russia. The study of statistical sources makes it possible to reveal the size and structure of the population, its dissemination, marriage and family relations, age, and some regional features of demographic development. The novelty of the research is associated with the fact that historiography lacks special studies on the demography of the Kola uyezd - the outskirts of the Russian North with the multiethnic population -between the XVI and the XVIII centuries. The object of the research was the statistical register of 1764, compiled by order of the Arkhangelsk Governor E. A. Golovtsyn. The register covers all the settlements of the Kola uyezd, regardless of their ethnic composition (Russian, Sami or Karelian), and includes data on the households, the composition of families inhabiting them, their economy, occupations and activities. The study resulted in the following conclusions: the register recorded the growth of the Russian population (the number of men) in the uyezd in comparison with the data of the first census revision of 1719; most of the households were represented by one family, with a direct kinship family including two generations of relatives being the predominant family type. Subsequently, the study of the demographic development of the Sami and Karelians will make it possible to compare the available results and to reveal the peculiarities of the population composition of the Kola uyezd in the second half of the XVIII century.