House or apartment: about attempts of rural architectural practices modernization in the 1930s (on materials of the south of Russia)

The article reveals the essence of the Bolshevik ideas on significant changes in the architectural appearance of a collective farm village, due to the conduct of complete collectivization in Russia. The author analyzes the circumstances that forced the Bolsheviks to abandon the radical projects of housing restructuring and agree with the preservation of individual house-building and personal subsidiary (personal) farming. The article shows the consolidation of the agricultural artel' (agricultural cooperative) as the main form of collective farm construction, the orientation toward the traditional family, the negative attitude of the peasantry towards the communes as factors that ensured the fixation of the parameters of the individual collective farm in the 1936 Constitution of the USSR.