Two new graffiti of the Hellenistic period from Phanagoria

The paper publishes two new graffiti from Phanagoria. Graffito 1 'Ivoiou that means Indi's (item)' which is the owner's inscription cut out on a black-glazed Attic cantharos dating to the mid-third quarter of the 3rd century BC (Fig. 1). The upper part of the cantharos leg is heavily worn-out suggesting its reuse as a crafting tool. The gravestone from Korokondama in Asian Bosporus that should be dated to the second half of the 5th -first half of the 4th centuries BC contains a female name Ivoip. This name implies that the graffito from Phanagoria is a genitive form of a male name Tvoiog. This anthroponym is identified for the first time in the onomasticon of the Ancient Greek world. The name 'IvSog was recorded in the inscriptions from other regions. Both names are traced back to the name of the Indus river - 'IvSog; however, they were formed by different ways. The name 'IvSog is a direct loan of the hydronym TvSog. Both names (IvSog, Ivoip) are nicknames; they indicate that the people given these nicknames came from some region in southeastern Asia adjacent to the Indus river. Both names have not been documented outside Bosporus suggesting that they were coined locally. The author believes that the people bearing these names were bought in slave markets in Bosporus where they had been brought at different times from port cities in the eastern Mediterranean. Graffito 2 'AaioKou' which means Daisk's (vessel) is the owner's inscription on a red-glazed jug (Fig. 2). This fragment comes from a layer of fire that occurred in the residence of Mithradates VI Eupator on the Phanagoria acropolis in 63 BC. The name AaioKog occurs in Phanagoria for the first time. This cheap looking jug, its findspot and the owner's inscription indicate that Daisk probably lived within the palace compound and either provided some services to the residence complex or was one of the guards.