Factors influencing the formation of agricultural technology, crop and grain quality of soybean

The data on species composition, population dynamics, mass of weeds in soybean cultivars agro-ecosystems of Northern ecotype (Svapa, Bara, Tanais, Oressa) under various conditions of cultivation: ploughing and surface treatment, liming and its absence are presented. Before sowing seeds were treated with disinfectant Maxim, in vegetation insecticide Karate Zeon was used. We used two systems of herbicides: Dual gold, Basagran, Fûzilad Forte, Frontier Optima, Basagran, Aramo 45 in conditions of plowing and disk plowing, on making lime and without lime. The maximum infestation was observed in the first phases of growth culture. During the growing season the number of weeds, due to competition, has dropped by an average of 24.5%, however, it remained high and required a special death squad activities. In the midst of plowing the maximum number of weeds was observed on the variety Svapa, and minimum - variety Bara. Variety Tanais occupied an intermediate position and variety Oressa was close to variety Bara. Use disk plowing has contributed to contamination of soybean cultivars and increase in fresh weight of weeds. The protein content in grain varieties Svapa, Tanais and Barа at ploughing was more than at surface treatment. Use of lime at plowing, and surface treatment decreased protein content for all varieties. The fat content in grain varieties Svapa and Bara increased at surface treatment, and Oressa varieties and Tanais - at ploughing. Liming contributed to increase the fat content in all grains. Biological efficacy of herbicides averaged 80-85%, thus increasing productivity of culture in 1.5-2 times and content of protein and fat in grains.