Risk factors for lethal outcomes after surgical treatment of patients with chronic periprosthetic hip joint infection

Introduction Periprosthetic joint infections (PJI) are serious complications of total hip arthroplasty (THA) and affect the patient's life expectancy. The aim of the study was to identify independent factors influencing the risk of death in patients with PJI after revision THA. Materials and methods The study included 51 lethal outcomes in patients with chronic PJI of the hip. Results and discussion In our cohort of 434 patients, 13 (2.99 %) patients died within the first year after surgery (p > 0.05), which is 2.2 times less than similar published data. The result of gender analysis showed no statistically significant differences in the risk of death between men and women (OR1.05 CI 0.59-1.89, p = 0.87). It was found that in patients over 70 years old, the risk of death was significantly higher (OR 2.05 CI 1.09-3.87, p = 0.031). Additional independent risk factors of death are diseases of the cardiovascular system. It was not possible to find a statistically significant effect of the nature of infection on the risk of death: no growth (OR 2.23, CI 0.52-9.61), monomicrobial infection (OR 1.98, CI 0.45-8, 73), polymicrobial infection (OR 3.2, CI 0.71-14.45, p > 0.05). Conclusion The mortality rate during the first year after revision THA in patients with PJI was 2.99 %, which is lower than the results of other researchers. In the next 2-3 years, the rate of death increases 3.9 times. The main independent risk factors are the age of patients and concomitant diseases of the cardiovascular system.