Risk factors of the development of struvitic urolithiasis in domestic cats

The research objective was studying risk factors and features of current struvitic urolithiasis in cats by means of clinical, instrumental and biochemical studies. The object of the research were domestic cats of different age, sex and breed who appeared on primary reception to clinic with the complaints and signs of urolithiasis and sharp delay of urination. As control group clinically healthy animals were used. The cats were examined by clinical, laboratory and instrumental methods (ultrasonographic research and abdominal survey X-ray analysis). The study was conducted on 40 cats, namely: 18 clinically healthy cats, 22 - patients with struvitic form of urolithiasis. Ultrasonic research was conducted with the help of device MINDRAY DP 6600 with microconvex sensor (the frequency of scanning of 5-9 MHz). The microscope Altamy 104 LED, the semi-automatic biochemical BioChem SA analyzer (High Tecnology Inc., USA was used). In the blood the quantity of erythrocytes and leukocytes was counted - in the chamber with Goryaev's grid; hemoglobin - hemoglobincyanide method, SOE - Panchenkov's micromethod, to the leykogramm - in the dabs dyed according to Romanovsky-Gimze. In the serum of the blood of the cats the general protein - on biurete reaction, proteinaceous fractions - turbidimetric method, alanin-(ALT) activity and aspartate - (AST) of aminotransferases - unified dinitrophenilhydrazin method of Raytman-Frenkel; the urea - with diacetilmonooxime, creatinine - the reaction to Jaffa (Popper's method), general cholesterol - Ilk's method, β-lipoproteins - turbidimetric method of Burstein and Samay were defined. It was established that risk factors of occurrence and formation of struvitic urolithiasis in cats were feeding with industrial feeds of economyclass, colds and stressful factors, reduced consumption of drinking water, sedentary lifestyle, metabolic disorder and inflammatory process. Ultrasonography in sick animals verified the presence of urinary sediment and microliths. It was established that in the patients with peripheral blood neutrophilic leukocytosis had been formed with a simple shift of regenerative nucleus to the left. In biochemical blood test of sick animals the concentration of urea, creatinine and cholesterol authentically increased. Hyperstenuria, hematuria, pH increase, leukocyturia, struvitetype crystalluria were detected in sick animals.