Famous English teaching techniques

Today there are many different methods and ways of teaching a foreign language, as well as a huge selection of aids, the choice of which depends only on your preferences, tastes and imaginations.

One of the most effective and interesting ways to learn English is reading English newspapers. In fact, we can talk about the benefits of reading foreign periodicals indefinitely.

They not only keep up to date with all the latest news and events in the world, but also help expand vocabulary, improve grammar and writing. But most importantly, they contribute to the development of speech skills, the creation of your own style and manner of speech. Also, as a teacher with many years of experience, I can safely say that newspapers have one main advantage over various manuals and textbooks - it is a "living" language, a language, using which you will not look funny and ridiculous among its native speakers.

In addition, using newspapers and magazines in the classroom is a very fun process that inspires students to constantly improve their knowledge of a foreign language.

The variety of newspapers and magazines allows you to study with students of different levels of knowledge of a foreign language, and a variety of articles will be able to satisfy students of a wide variety of interests and preferences. To the extent of wanting to learn American, not British English.

All methods of teaching English can be roughly classified depending on whether the native language is used in the teaching process and who is the center of the learning process. The second model is determined by two approaches, when either the student or the teacher is at the center of the learning process. The first approach is focused on the needs of the student, in this case, the initiative is transferred to the student, and the teacher acts as a guide. Thus, it is possible to achieve the most effective work of each student individually and in a group.

Grammar-Translation. This is the oldest way of teaching a language and is already considered a classic one. As the name suggests, the core of this method is learning grammar and working hard with translation. Although at present many educational institutions have abandoned it in favor of a communicative method, it is still used at least partially.

Audiolingual Method. Sometimes the audiolingual method is also called the Army method. It is based on the postulate of behaviorism that learning and remembering various things can and should be done through constant repetition. The method involves the oral presentation of the material and multiple repetition of various lexical and grammatical structures under the guidance of a teacher.

Direct Method. This method originated in the 1900s in France and Germany in order to quickly teach the military to communicate in a foreign language. It is also called the Natural Method. It is somewhat similar to the audiolingual approach, as it involves repeated repetition and development of various structures. However, the main difference is that the language is presented inductively, that is, the teacher does not explain the rule to the students, but, on the contrary, helps them understand and deduce it on the basis of the language material. It is also worth noting that in both the audiolingual and the direct method, the teacher uses exclusively the studied language; mother tongue is not allowed.

The Structural Approach. As the name suggests, this method is based on structure and learning. The main idea of the approach is the hypothesis that any language consists of complex grammatical rules, and it is necessary to study them in a certain order. For example, before studying Present Continuous tense, you need to study the verb to be, with which this tense is formed.

Suggestopedia. Although this method is often considered pseudoscientific, it was quite popular for a while. It builds on the student's confidence that the approach will work; the techniques of light hypnosis are used. Much attention is paid to ensuring that the student does not experience the slightest discomfort during the lesson. Also, the method widely uses music.

The Silent Way. In this method, much attention is paid to the independence of students: the teacher, as the name suggests, practically does not speak (for example, does not give detailed and lengthy explanations of grammar). Instead, he acts as an assistant who guides students. Pronunciation is of great importance - it takes a lot of time in each lesson. Also, the passed vocabulary and grammar is regularly repeated. Often, students do not even write formal tests based on what they have learned; instead, the instructor assesses their progress from lesson to lesson.

The Lexical Approach. Here the study of vocabulary is at the forefront. Initially, a list of the most frequently used words and lexical structures is determined, and the study moves gradually, from simple to complex. Much less attention is paid to grammar than in other methods.

Task Based Learning. In this method, language learning is based on the performance of a communicative task. For example, the teacher instructs the students to act out a dialogue on the theme “In a restaurant”. Students in pairs or groups perform it using only the lexical and grammatical means at their disposal. Then the analysis of what language is necessary for the successful completion of the task is carried out, the teacher gives the students the necessary vocabulary and grammar, after which a similar task is performed using new language tools.

Community Language Learning. Here the basis is the work of students in a group; they help each other and share their existing language knowledge. The teacher again acts only as an assistant, and not as a teacher in the classical sense of the word.

When choosing a teaching methodology, it is necessary to take into account the fact that each teacher is individual, and each teacher is distinguished by his own unique style of presenting information.

WEB SITES:

• 1.     https://www.ef.ru/englishfirst/english-study/articles/learning_methods.aspx

• 2.     https://www.start2study.ru/blog/english/learning-english-methods/

• 3.    https://www.study.ru/article/sovety/sovremennye-metody-prepodavaniya- angliyskogo-yazyka

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