Pharmacogenetic analysis as a tool for personalization of prevention and rehabilitation programs in addiction psychiatry

Phar-macogenetic studies are relevant and have significant prospects for the development of effective personalized therapy, prevention and rehabilitation in modern medicine. The substance dependence disorders are a unique class of "pharmaco-genetic" diseases: their development can be described as genetically caused pathological CNS responses to deliberate, controlled by the individual alone, the use of a pharmacological agent - substance of abuse. Using molecular genetic profile of the dopamine (DA) neurotransmitter system it possible to assess the individual levels of the genetic risk of the disease, as a pharmacogenetic characteristic in two aspects: 1) the genetically given likelihood of developing the disease within the framework of prevention or 2) the level of genetic contribution to the formation of disease in patients as part of treatment and rehabilitation. The genetic markers can be used to develop personalized approaches to prevention and rehabilitation in addiction medicine provided further validation in the framework of prevention and rehabilitation programs. Reliable and reproducible results of pharmacogenetic studies in the field of substance dependence disorders, suitable for transfer into clinical practice and with access to real personalization of prevention, therapy and rehabilitation, can be obtained only under condition of the most stringent methodological approaches in the evidence based design, the use of large and homogeneous groups of comparisons and valid statistical analysis.