Phenological characteristics of lemons of Uzbek and Beshkir breeding in Ufa conditions of the city Ufa

The paper describes the results of long-term observations of the growth and development of lemons of Uzbek and Bashkir breeding grown in the greenhouse of the training and experimental farm of the Ufa Forestry Technical School (Ufa Limonarium), which are now successfully blossoming and bearing fruit. The air temperature, humidity in the greenhouse, their influence on the passage of the main phenological phases of the development of lemons are analyzed. It is shown that when creating optimal conditions that are close to subtropical, the overall duration of the phenophase development of plants from budding to harvesting is in all varieties over 200 days. The longest period from the moment of budding to fruiting begins in the spring-winter period and ends in October-December, for the same period, the most massive harvest of fruits occurs. Duration of phenophases is variety-specific. The duration of the budding phase in the small-leaved lemon of the variety Tashkent in the spring-summer and autumn periods is shorter and comes later than in the other large-berry varieties. Phases of budding and flowering in the Southern Urals occur at higher temperatures than in Central Asia, since the conditions of plant growth in a closed ground are different from natural conditions. In this regard, data on the phenology of lemons in Ufa may differ from many standard data for these crops in other growing conditions.