The phenomenon of cyberattacks: causes, consequences and countermeasures (based on foreign experience)

The article presents a study of trends in the development of the phenomena of cyber and information terrorism from an interdisciplinary approach on the material of foreign experience. Historical challenges bring both positive and negative changes and imply an adequate response from society. Significant changes in the political, social and economic spheres of life have led to an increase in terrorist crimes around the world. The article discusses the main areas of terrorist activity on the Internet in Western countries, identified on the basis of reports by Interpol and Cybersecurity Threatscape. Examples are given of the increased activity of cyber-terrorists and information terrorists during the Covid-19 pandemic. Particular attention is paid to fake news. An overview of the main areas of counteraction to digital threats is given. The experience of some countries that have restricted the distribution of dangerous content and fake news is reviewed.