Philosophical analysis of the language essence

The relevance of the study is determined by the tendency of modern humanitarian practice to pay special attention to the concept of human dimension, that includes value and ideological patterns, in which language acts as a constituent part of the core. The subject of the research is the essential features of language manifesting in the interaction with reality, and at the same time acting as a construct of this reality or its reflection. The main approaches to the understanding of language as an element of being are considered. The identified constructive and naturalistic approaches demonstrate an ambiguous interpretation of language and reality as correlated concepts and phenomena in philosophical research. The paper aims at studying philosophical concepts that consider the language essence in order to clarify the role of the phenomenon of language in the socio-cultural space. The article uses such general scientific methods as comparison, factor analysis and reconstruction. The systematic approach in analyzing the issues of philosophy of language conditioned the use of dialectical method, which reveals the interrelationship of philosophical concepts in determining the essence of language and reality. Scientific novelty is represented by the following judgments: constructivist and naturalistic approaches to the study of language, in spite of their different understanding, have still helped to reveal the dichotomy of language; the modern interpretation of language is associated with the multivariance of discourses, as well as with the various interpretations of reality correlated to them; information and digital environment and its culture have become an essential support for language of science and everyday language; language is not only information, but also cultural, social and historical reality created and reflected in it