Philosophical understanding of the dialogue of cultures in the concepts of M.M. Bakhtin and V.S. Bibler

Dialogue as a complex creative interaction and mutual influence of various cultural and value consciousnesses is now considered as the basis of cultural existence, and the dialogue of cultures has become a key concept of modern philosophy. Dialogue in a philosophical context is an informative and existential communicative interaction between different parties, the purpose of which is to achieve understanding. The basis of Dialogic philosophy, first of all, is the recognition that the individual is formed and realized in communication. In order to become a subject of history and a subject of knowledge, he must enter into a dialogue with himself, another individual, God, nature. At present, the subjects of the dialogue are not only different individuals, but also entire ethnic groups, cultures, and civilizations, thereby expanding the functioning of the dialogue to a means of developing intercultural, interethnic and intercivilizational relations and emphasizing the commonalityof the world historical process and the cultural heritage of mankind. The article is devoted to the comparative analysis of two theories of the dialogue of cultures: M.M. Bakhtin and his follower V.S. Bibler. By developing and deepening each other’s ideas, they enter into a non-spatial and timeless dialogue and create a unified teaching about the ongoing interaction and continuity of cultures and intercultural communication. The General idea of the dialogue unites the philosophical concepts of Bakhtin and Bibler, but The latter, based on the theory of Bakhtin and expanding its ideas, created his own original concept of solving the most important problems of philosophical thought. Thinkers reflected the most important historical and philosophical phenomenon - the possibility of intercultural dialogue as a consequence of self-knowledge and the ability to relate themselves to Other.