Financial funds and reserves: features of modern terminology

The main functions of financial science are to describe the processes and facts of cash flows, to explain them and to predict new results with the help of laws and the laws of the finance theory. The implementation of these functions is impossible without the use of correct terminology, which requires a formal methodology of the study. The task of the author of the article included an analysis of some of the facts with sufficient precision and therefore controversial terminology that is used in some dictionaries, regulations, as well as by individual scientists in the study of their financial assets and reserves in the academic literature on the theory of finance and other financial sciences. In this article, the following results are obtained: 1) the fact of subordination of the concepts “fund” and “reserve” is proven. It testifies to the primacy of the fund in relation to the reserve; 2) an analysis of the concept of the fund is carried out. As a result, the main (purpose, relative isolation) and additional (structure - the ratio of individual funds and reserves, time, volume) properties inherent in the fund during the financial flows in the economic environment are highlighted.