Food industry in Uzbekistan
Автор: Muxammadjonov A.
Журнал: Мировая наука @science-j
Рубрика: Основной раздел
Статья в выпуске: 10 (19), 2018 года.
Бесплатный доступ
The article is devoted industry manufacture food products in Uzbekistan and achievements and prospects of development.
Food industry, food products, development, economy
Короткий адрес: https://sciup.org/140263083
IDR: 140263083
Текст научной статьи Food industry in Uzbekistan
The food industry is the fields of manufacture food products of the national economy. The network includes meat, milk, oils, fish products, flour, macaroni, canned vegetables, milk-fat, sugar, tea, confectionery, bread, grape and champagne wines, alcohol, vodka, tobacco, beer, sweets , soap and other industrial enterprises.
Uzbekistan has a modern food industry. It has over 3200 enterprises. This is mainly based on the processing of local raw materials.
The growth rate of food production in Uzbekistan is 10-15% annually, and the domestic market is mainly satisfied with the production of our products. At the same time, the volume of exports is increasing year by year. The government has adopted a number of important decrees and resolutions, state programs, and their implementation has been consistently ensured.
Thanks to the development and diversification of the food industry over the past 5 years, it has allowed to expand the raw material base and increase the output. In particular, the production of fruit and vegetable and grape products increased by 1.27 times, meat products - by 1.24 times, dairy products - by 1.33 times, and the new product increased from 337 to 628. 3266 investment projects totaling $ 660 million were implemented in the food sector of the republic. As a result, 28,307 new jobs were created and more than 291 new types of products were created.
In accordance with the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan of March 5, 2016 "On measures to further develop the foodstuffs base, the deep processing of fruits and vegetables and meat and dairy products in 2016-2020, increase production and export volumes In accordance with the program approved by 2505, it is planned to allocate 220,000 hectares of land for fruit and vegetable grape and nutrient crops in 2016-2020. In addition, by the year 2021 additional 797 thousand tons of fruits, 2.8 million tons of fruit. tons of vegetables, 514 thousand tons of meat and 3.97 million tons of dairy products.
As a result, in 2016-2020 the production of foodstuffs in agriculture increased on average by 1.3 times, including fruit and vegetable and grape - by 1.3 times, meat - by 1.25 times, milk - 1.4 will increase by half. It is also planned to increase the share of fruit and vegetable processing from 17% to 25% in 2016-2020, and the level of processing of meat and dairy products from 12% to 23%. In order to produce foodstuffs at world-class standards, it is envisaged that, within the framework of the program, it will be implemented in four priority areas.
The first is export, and exports of fruits and vegetables will increase by 2.7 times in 2020 compared to 2016 and 2.3 times the volume of processed fruit and vegetable products exports.
In the second direction 15 modern trade and logistics centers with the annual capacity of 60 thousand tons will be created. According to preliminary calculations, fruits and vegetables are now exported to 80 countries of the world, and by 2021 the number of such countries will increase to 100. At the same time, the competitiveness of local manufacturers will be increased by means of expansion of marketing research, packaging of products with modern technologies and introduction of international standards ISO 9001, 22000 on the basis of strict measures.
Investment projects and financing are the third direction in the food industry by 2021:
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- Particular attention is paid to the deep processing of agricultural products, development of the storage infrastructure of the harvested products. Implementation of 180 large-scale investment projects with the total cost of 595.9 mln.dollars on creation and modernization of existing, technical and technological renewal of new enterprises for production of semi-finished products and finished products, as well as packaging and packaging materials; It is planned to commission 416 regional projects on production of meat, milk, fruit and vegetable and other food products. To finance them: $ 189.5 million. The cost of the equivalent is based on the loans of commercial banks;
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- For the development of small business and private entrepreneurship in the sector it is envisaged to attract preferential loans of international financial institutions such as the World Bank, Asian Development Bank, International Fund for Agricultural Development and JAIC through commercial banks .
The fourth direction is the production of packaging and packaging materials, including: implementation of projects for the production of corrugated board, polymer containers and plastic boxes in the Republic; food products in vacuum packaging, glass bottles at the international level, and expansion of production of "tvist-off" caps.
Also, the Strategy for Action in the five priority areas of development of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2017-2021 and its implementation in the State Program on the Year of Communicative and Human Interest in the Year of Health, ensuring food security, uninterrupted supply of consumer goods, concrete measures to prevent the artificial rise of prices in the domestic market.
Food security is largely related to agricultural development. Nevertheless, thousands of organizations and productive capacities play a decisive role in sustaining the population with daily consumer goods.
Indeed, today about 10 thousand food industry enterprises operate in our country, their share in the GDP is more than 18%. The main participants of the food market are Uzbekoziqovqatholding, Uzdonmahsulot, Uzvinosanoat-Holding, as well as private enterprises.
Particularly, Uzbekoziqovqatkholding is working on the development of medium and long-term development programs in the sector, widely implementing cutting-edge technologies for deep processing of raw materials. At present there are more than 300 enterprises with different forms of ownership. It is particularly noteworthy that there are Nestle, Coca-Cola, Pepsi and other affiliated companies of the world, specialized in fruits and vegetables, meat, dairy products, confectionery products and drinks.
Список литературы Food industry in Uzbekistan
- https://mineconomy.uz/uz/node/1147
- https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oziq-ovqat_sanoati
- "Umumiy oziq-ovqat texnologiyasi". Darslik.-T., 2016