Формирование ценовой политики предприятий, методы формирования цены

Before presenting the main part of the study, let us dwell on the key concepts and definitions.

According to GOST, EER understood as "an information education resource presented in electronic form. EER includes a structured presentation of the subject content of a particular educational discipline in the form of metadata, information arrays and software (SW)" [2]. The structured subject content of an educational discipline defined by the same document as "didactic content" which is used to train qualified specialists. Didactic content is the basis of EER Together with the presentation forms.

In modern conditions, the task of assessing the quality of the development of EER becomes especially relevant. To solve it, it is advisable to use the examination procedure. In the case when the EER is the subject of examination, it is legitimate to formulate a definition of the concept of "expertise". EER expertise is understood as a purposeful information and analytical activity of a group of experts to assess the completeness of the content and quality of didactic content, methodological methods for its structuring and presentation of the subject area of the educational discipline, the pedagogical technologies used, design, compliance with the requirements of ergonomics, as well as the manufacturability of used software.

The essence of the procedure for expert evaluation of the quality of the development of EER is to identify possible problems and obtain a qualitative assessment based on a group opinion of specialists (experts). The expert approach is quite applicable for obtaining qualitative assessments of the development of EER. It includes the following main steps:

• 1.    Setting goals for expert evaluation of the quality of EER development.

• 2.    Selection of forms and areas of expertise, determination of costs for its implementation.

• 3.    Preparation of expert questionnaires and determination of the sequence of the examination.

• 4.    Selection of experts.

• 5.    Conducting expertise in selected areas.

• 6.    Statistical analysis of the results of the examination in each area.

• 7.    Obtaining an integrated expert assessment of the quality of EER based on mathematical processing of the results of the examination.

• 8.    Preparation of the final report about the examination [4].

In the course of an expert assessment of the quality of the development of an EER, it is necessary to determine its main diagnostic parameters (indicators and characteristics), to identify the presence of possible critical points, to establish the compliance of the didactic content presented in it with the rules and (or) requirements of modern teaching standards. A system of evaluation indicators for determining an expert integral assessment of the quality of the development of an EER formed based on the collected information. Based on an expert assessment of the quality of the EER, recommendations developed for its use in the educational process.

Requirements for the selection of criteria indicators for evaluating the quality of EER development are determined by GOST R ISO / IEC 12207 [1]. The main purpose of the standard is to determine the degree of compliance of the ESM with the established requirements. This is equivalent to an expert assessment of the quality of EER, as well as their official certification, for example, using the ISO 9000 standard [5]. The main purpose of this standard is to describe the software life cycle process to form its understanding by all interested parties (participants) during the development, acquisition, delivery, implementation, operation, support and maintenance of individual versions of modern EER. The standard does not define or set the properties (characteristics) of software in terms of a specific system of indicators. However, it describes in detail the methods for determining such properties of software, which clarified by developers in the process of creating modern EERs. Thus, this standard implies the adaptation of the requirements set out in it to the process of developing a specific EER.

To obtain an integral assessment of the quality of EER development, you can use the following groups of criteria and indicators.

• 1.    To assess the quality of the information architecture for the development of EER:

• -    compliance with FSES and standards;

• -    the relevance of the presented didactic content;

• -    the consistency of its structure;

• -    the presence of contextual relationships between individual parts (modules) of the EER;

• -    clear formalization of didactic content;

• -    presentation of didactic content by elements of graphic and multimedia tools.

• 2.    Quality assessment of the EER usability:

• -    availability of an EER card;

• -    availability of a search (navigation) system for EER (through menu, semantic topography, click ability (rule of "three clicks"), cross-reference system, position identifiers, "first screen" rule);

• -    compliance with standardization requirements; visual highlighting of headings and subheadings.

• 3.    To assess the quality of EER design development:

• -    identification of elements;

• -    scalability and design flexibility;

• -    the quality of graphic and the characteristics of its composition (scale of elements, proportionality of screen views, color palette, symmetry and asymmetry, contrast and nuance, compliance with the modular grid, checkered light and shade, texture, relief, style unity, etc.).

• 4.    To assess the quality of EER communication:

• -    interaction with contact information;

• -    frequently asked questions and answers;

• -    feedback form;

• -    online services;

• -    EER integration with networks of other educational institutions;

• -    online consultation;

• -    authorization, personal account;

• -    user profiling.

• 5.    To assess the quality of the technical characteristics of the development of EER:

• -    domain presence;

• -    hosting;

• -    cross-browser layout;

• -    expandability of the EER functionality, its adaptability and flexibility;

• -    individual page load time;

• -    correct operation of all functional elements of the EER;

• -    handling possible errors;

• -    visitor statistics;

• -    resource security.

To obtain an expert integral assessment of the quality of EER development, along with the above criteria and indicators of quality assessment, it is necessary to use the values of weight coefficients established for them by experts. As a result, a multi-criteria system is formed to obtain an expert integral assessment of the quality of EER development (see Table 1).

The following conventions are used in the table:

k i , k 2 ,.,k n - criteria and indicators for evaluating the quality of EER development;

d i , d 2 ,.,d n - weight coefficients of criteria for evaluating the quality of EER development (appointed by an expert);

Rj - expert integrated assessment of the quality of EER development.

Table 1. The system of expert integral assessment of the quality of the development of EER

Criteria, indicators	Assessment of the degree of influence of the criterion (indicator)					Criteria weight
	EER-1	EER -2	EER -3		EER -n
k 1						d 1
k 2						d 2
kn						d n
Integral  assessment, R j	R j1	R j2	R j3		R jn
Result, place	№2	№1	№3		№n

An expert integral assessment of the quality of the development of an EER (R j ) is determined as the sum of points according to the formula (1):

R j = S (k i d i + k 2 d 2 + . + k n d n ) (1)

Depending on the amount of points received by each EER, they can be ranked, divided or combined into groups. In the future, EER with the highest ratings should be developed and improved, and EER with minimal ratings should be finalized or developed instead of fundamentally new EER.

The proposed system contains several dozens of criteria and indicators distributed by groups. It allows to compare EERs in terms of their quality indicators and characteristics, as well as form recommendations on development prospects. In the future, it can become the main tool for experts assessing the quality of EER development.

The presence of a multi-criteria system allows us to proceed to the choice of a model for assessing the quality of the EER development. It should best meet the requirements for the effective transformation of didactic content into the potential knowledges of students. These conditions are fully met by a four-level model for evaluating the quality of EER development, which allows taking into account various hierarchies of their quality indicators and characteristics [3]. Usage of multiple hierarchies in the model makes it possible to track the dynamics of changes in quality indicators and characteristics over time. The model involves usage of hierarchical models to assess the quality of EER development. In these models, the algorithmic support for calculating the values of specific estimated values of the qualitative characteristics of EER is based on the method of analyzing hierarchies by T. Saaty [6].

To implement a four-level model of expert assessment of the quality of EER development in the software used for its development, it is advisable to use the capabilities of the PHP programming language (hypertext preprocessor), as well as the HyperText markup language (HTML) using the technology of cascading style sheets (CSS-Cascading style sheets) and Structured Query Language (SQL-Structured Query Language). The main advantage of the proposed approach is the usage of freely distributed software (PHP, HTML and SQL), which can significantly reduce the total cost of expert evaluation of the quality of EER development.

Conducting regular monitoring of the quality level of the didactic content of the EER allows you to identify its strengths and weaknesses. As a result, the motivation for learning increases and, accordingly, the effectiveness of the entire educational process increases too. This directly entails an increase in the productivity of the teaching staff and contributes to the training of qualified specialists.

Conclusion was substantiated. The step-by-step composition of this procedure is presented. An approximate composition of the multi-criteria system of expert integral assessment of the quality of EER development is formed. The main advantages of using a four-level model for expert evaluation of the quality of the development of EER are identified. The expediency of using tools, freely distributed software for solving this problem is determined.

In the course of the studies, the necessity to assess the quality of the development of EER