Creation of the light environment in architecture on the example of the Byzantine domed basilica: Hagia Sophia

The article deals with the methods of light composition in the temple of Hagia Sophia, revealed by the analysis of internal and external lighting in connection with the original plan of ancient architects. In the process of studying, the analysis of scientific, technological and liturgical representations of this time about the essence and meaning of light which is based on Byzantine ecphrasies was carried out. Also the creation of natural and artificial light is analyzed through its function, symbolism, idea, structure and perception of the image. We studied the composition of light devices and the structure of zones in the space of the Byzantine temple. We chose to take the Hagia Sophia Cathedral as an example because of the great expressiveness of lighting techniques. As a result, it was concluded that the lighting of the Basilica performs not only the utility function, but it also is an important part of the primary architectural and artistic design of the monument of early Byzantine architecture.