From the chief editor
Автор: Ilyin Vladimir Aleksandrovich
Журнал: Economic and Social Changes: Facts, Trends, Forecast @volnc-esc-en
Рубрика: From the chief editor
Статья в выпуске: 2 (14) т.4, 2011 года.
Бесплатный доступ
Короткий адрес: https://sciup.org/147223250
IDR: 147223250
Текст статьи From the chief editor
Dear readers,
Reducing recovery rates of the domestic economy after the severe crisis creates a new wave of proposals aimed at finding ways to move forward. This process enhances expanding preparation in the country for upcoming December 2011 elections to the State Duma of the Federal Assembly, and in March 2012 – elections of the President of Russia. Views at the economy modernization and ways of implementing it are specified and a number of authors grow as well who believe that withdrawal of Russia from the crisis is not confined to elimination of failures revealed in functioning of fiscal and production systems as well as reducing of social problems acuteness. These authors consider current measures not to solve existing problems if a new ideology and strategy of society reconstruction are not developed and the people are not armed with understanding of ultimate goals of transformation and if purposes themselves do not give rise to spirit and energy. According to the authors of the recently published book “Non-economic brinks of economy”, “the success of reforming and its popular support are guaranteed when it gradually increases the level of living, steadily expands purchasing power and, consequently, the market for industry and agriculture. In this case, based on the growth of production the social orientation of the state policy increases”1.
In the center of rethinking of goals and ways of modernization there is a question of the role of the state. Conductors of market reforms in Russia have called for withdrawal of the state from the economy. Meanwhile, the international practice demonstrates growing involvement of the state to redistribute created revenue. The world has realized that only in the power of the state to oppose elements of growing social stratification of population, to ensure equitable access of people to public goods and thus promote consolidation and stability of society. According to recent national studies, in the USA the share of own accumulated income through taxes, excise taxes and duties range from 40 to 43% of gross domestic product, in Europe – from 45 to 50%, and the Scandinavian countries – up to 65%. In Russia the share of consolidated budget is much smaller – about much smaller – about 30% of official GDP, while taking into account undeclared (shadow) incomes – less than 20% of actual GDP2. As a result, we can not properly ensure maintenance of army, education, health care, culture, science, law machinery, subsidize agriculture, finance many important infrastructure projects.
Flaws of the course of market reforms conducted in the country emerged with great force in the global financial crisis which has seized Russia. Despite the reinforcement of the budget with the reserve fund established due to high foreign export prices for oil, the budget system of the country has experienced serious shortage. In 2010, in the federal budget it was 5.3%. From 2011 and in 2012 – 2013 high federal budget deficit will be eliminated, gradual decline in its revenues and expenditures to GDP, growth of public debt and budget allocations directed for its maintenance are formed. Growing social obligations are accepted as capacity to meet them reduces. Negative dynamics can be traced for most of components of innovation expenditures3.
These problems are more acute in the budget process of the majority of Russian regions. Thus, analysis of consolidated budgets of subjects of the North-West Federal District, carried out by ITSED RAS, showed that their actual content deteriorated in 2008, in 2009 budget deficit to its own revenues have 9 regions out of ten within the District. In the Vologda and Archan-gelsk oblasts, in the Republic of Karelia deficit exceeded 20% (primarily because of decline of production and sales in metallurgical, timber and machine-building complexes). According to factual implementation of consolidated budgets in 2010 the budget deficit to personal incomes in the Novgorod oblast was 20.3%, in the Vologda oblast – 19.3%, and thus there were
Table 1. Consolidated budget deficit of the RF subjects in the North-West Federal District, in % to own income
|
Regions |
By the actual execution |
re £2 |
||
|
Leningrad oblast |
0 |
8.6 |
0 |
5.8 |
|
Republic of Karelia |
2.0 |
20.2 |
2.2 |
6.8 |
|
Murmansk oblast |
0.9 |
7.7 |
0 |
7.6 |
|
St. Petersburg |
5.7 |
2.6 |
4.1 |
10.1 |
|
Novgorod oblast |
6.7 |
10.3 |
20.3 |
10.9 |
|
Kaliningrad oblast |
0 |
0 |
11.2 |
13.9 |
|
Vologda oblast |
0 |
23.2 |
19.1 |
15.0 |
|
Komi Republic |
1.1 |
3.0 |
0 |
15.8 |
|
Arkhangelsk oblast |
12.0 |
21.7 |
0.6 |
18.0 |
|
Pskov oblast |
0 |
6.5 |
5.3 |
27.0 |
Sources: data of Treasury of the Russian Federation, the calculations of ITSED RAS, the Laws of the RF subjects of regional budgets for 2011 – 2013.
7 regions with deficit in the District. It must be taken into account that this has occurred against the backdrop of a number of serious measures to reduce the formerly traditional expenditures. Particular attention should be paid to the fact that according to approved indicators supplies of all regional budgets of the District in 2011 were adopted with a deficit to own incomes (tabl. 1) .
Budgets of all regions of the District by their actual filling in 2008 – 2010 are burdened by the growing debt, which according to taken for 2011 indicators has a strong growth trend (tabl. 2) .
Reduction of specific constant weight of capital investments is characteristic for the structure of consolidated budget expenditures of the majority of regions of the District in 2008 – 2010 (tabl. 3) .
In 2010, the sum of capital investment in relation to volumes in 2008 in the republics of Karelia and Komi, the Vologda, Arkhangelsk and Leningrad oblasts decreased by one third. It is still very difficult to talk here about modernization orientation of budgets.
In the fourth issue of our journal over the past year the expert’s report of the Public Chamber of the Vologda oblast to a draft of the Law of the Vologda Oblast “On Regional Budget for 2011 and a new planning period of 2012 and 2013” was published.
The paper characterized taking into account the current state the reserves of replenishment of profitable part of its budget and increasing of efficiency of the budget expenditures. The discussion in Legislative Assembly of a number of proposals submitted in the expert’s report, were reflected in the enactment.
However, the relevance of formation of regional budgets and raising of their role in socio-economic development of territories requires amplification of attention of the scientific community and practitioners to this issue. For this purpose the editors of the journal open a special category, and hope that it will provoke a substantive discussion on ways to enhance the role of regional budgets in the transition to the innovation economy.
In this issue of the journal there is an article by the researcher of ISEDT RAS A.I. Povarova, which considers the problem of revenues increase of the Vologda oblast. These capabilities, as the author approves, are primarily associated with the diversification of income potential of the region (increase of production in traditional industries, adoption of advanced technologies, development of competitive corporate structures that are interested in innovations). However, own revenues of the regional budget are largely dependent on the level of tax raising, optimizing of the use of regional standards for preferential tax treatment (elimination of the existing aggregate arrears on payments to the budget would increase regional revenue of the regional budget by 1.9 billion rubles or 6%. Another 1.9 billion rubles of revenues from regional taxes can be obtained as a result of partial abolition of tax benefits granted in accordance with the regional legislation). Organization of a system of indicative planning is of great importance, which will ensure better management of the budgetary process.
Table 2. Public debt of the subjects of the North-West Federal District, in % to own income of regional budgets
|
Regions |
By the actual execution of consolidated budget |
>D 03 CD ^ |
||
|
CO |
S |
CD |
||
|
St. Petersburg |
0.1 |
0.7 |
2.3 |
11.8 |
|
Leningrad oblast |
10.5 |
12.0 |
10.6 |
17.2 |
|
Pskov oblast |
1.7 |
3.7 |
13.2 |
30.6 |
|
Komi Republic |
8.3 |
20.2 |
16.5 |
|
|
Murmansk oblast |
2.4 |
22.0 |
23.0 |
32.0 |
|
Arkhangelsk oblast |
15.3 |
37.5 |
40.0 |
|
|
Republic of Karelia |
23.2 |
55.4 |
45.2 |
62.,4 |
|
Kaliningrad oblast |
30.7 |
54.8 |
67.5 |
67.0 |
|
Novgorod oblast |
17.0 |
29.4 |
51.3 |
75.6 |
|
Vologda oblast |
3.8 |
39.4 |
52.8 |
77.3 |
Sources: data of Treasury of the Russian Federation, the calculations of ITSED RAS, the Laws of the RF subjects of regional budgets for 2011 – 2013.
Table 3. The share of consolidated budget expenditures of the subjects of North-West Federal District on investment, in % to total expenditures
|
Regions |
|||
|
St. Petersburg |
33.5 |
31.0 |
27.0 |
|
Kaliningrad oblast |
26.7 |
28.9 |
26.1 |
|
Novgorod oblast |
14.5 |
9.3 |
14.6 |
|
Arkhangelsk oblast |
18.3 |
10.4 |
10.7 |
|
Vologda oblast |
14.7 |
10.0 |
10.0 |
|
Murmansk oblast |
11.0 |
9.2 |
10.0 |
|
Pskov oblast |
9.7 |
6.9 |
9.1 |
|
Leningrad oblast |
15.0 |
12.7 |
8.9 |
|
Komi Republic |
10.8 |
9.3 |
6.7 |
|
Republic of Karelia |
10.5 |
6.6 |
6.0 |
Sources: data of Treasury of the Russian Federation, the calculations of ITSED RAS.
The editorial staff believe that during the discussion the authors of the journal will make constructive suggestions to improve the mechanisms of increasing effectiveness and quality of budget process management on the federal, regional and municipal levels.
j
This issue contains articles that affect other important aspects of the economy modernization in Russia. The real picture to date is quite controversial. The content is capaciously represented in the preface to the monograph “Problems of development of market economy” by the Chief of the Economics section of the Department of Social Sciences RAS, academician N.Ya. Petrakov. I believe that readers of the journal will look through with interest the text of this preface.
j
As in previous issues, we continue to publish results of monitoring assessments of public opinion about the state of Russian society.
The tables show the comparison of some parameters of social well-being and sentiments of the population of the Vologda oblast. April 2011 was taken as a reporting period. The base for comparison is the averaged data obtained in the course of four measurements performed by ITSED RAS for the period from January to August 20084.
j
In March 2011 the circle of institutions supporting our journal joined National Nuclear Research University MEPI. Professor Alexander V. Putilov - Dean of the faculty of management and economy of high technologies NRNU MEPI entered the editorial board on the recommendation of the management of NRNU MEPI. Doctor of Economics, Professor Alexander G. Vorobiev – Head of the Department of Economics of NRNU MEPI became a new member of the editorial board.
Evaluation of social status
Evaluation of activities
|
Е Е |
05 45 g о о е- е а < с 2 |
|
|
со о со ° |
< |
|
|
President of the RF |
75.0 |
61.9 |
|
Prime Minister of the RF |
76.4 |
64.3 |
|
Governor of the Vologda oblast |
57.8 |
46.1 |
|
os 45 « 2 ш 5 О О) .о ^_^ -8- о « ° й °C о |
|||
|
о со ° |
< |
||
|
0.83 |
9.3 |
23.5 |
2.53 |
|
0.84 |
10.4 |
22.3 |
2.14 |
|
0.80 |
19.9 |
31.1 |
1.56 |
Support of the parties’ activities
|
Parties |
8 months of 2008 |
April 2011 |
Change coefficient |
|
United Russia |
40.5 |
35.9 |
0.89 |
|
Communist Party |
6.8 |
9.7 |
1.43 |
|
Liberal Democratic Party |
7.7 |
7.5 |
0.97 |
|
A Just Russia |
5.0 |
3.2 |
0.64 |
|
Others |
1.4 |
0.0 |
0.00 |
|
None |
20.1 |
28.8 |
1.43 |
|
Have difficulty to answer |
13.7 |
13.1 |
0.96 Г |
j
The geography of articles in the journal broadens. The editorial portfolio currently has research papers from the economic institutions of RAS, which publish the journal, and others as well (Republic of Belarus, Institute for Socio-economic problems of the population RAS, St. Petersburg Branch of the National university – Higher School of Economics, Samara State University of means of communication; Mordovia State University, Bashkir State University, Penza State Academy of Technology).
j
In April 2011 on the site of the journal a poll was conducted for readers, in which 22 respondents took part. Here are some results of this survey.
Most readers assess changes in the journal in 2010 as positive (tab. 1).
The level of published materials in 2010 most readers rated high enough (tab. 2).
Respondents expressed their views on future popularization of the journal: publication of articles by foreign authors, organization of distribution in Russian universities to offer cooperation, open access to articles.
Respondents supported the usefulness of thematic planning of the journal (tab. 3) and the expected topics of the journal in 2011 (tab. 4).
There were suggestions to attract for cooperation such famous economists as P.A. Mina-kir, S.A. Suspitsyn, S.I. Grigoriev, A.I. Subetto, as well as expansion of the territorial zone of distribution of the journal to the Far East.
The editors will take measures to implement the suggestions.
Table 1. How would you rate changes in the journal as compared to 2009?
|
Answer variant |
Number of answers |
In % of total answers |
|
Affirmative, rather affirmative |
13 |
62 |
|
Negative, rather negative |
1 |
5 |
|
Have difficulty to answer |
7 |
33 |
Table 2. How would you rate the overall level of published materials in the journal in 2010?
|
Answer variant |
Number of answers |
In % of total answers |
|
High, high enough |
19 |
95 |
|
Average |
1 |
5 |
|
Low, below average |
0 |
0 |
Table 3. Would you agree with the proposed theme of the journal for 2011
|
Answer variant |
Number of answers |
In % of total answers |
|
Yes |
17 |
81 |
|
Нет |
4 |
19 |
Table 4. Would you consider planning of the journal in categories reasonable?
|
Answer variant |
Number of answers |
In % of total answers |
|
Yes |
18 |
90 |
|
No |
2 |
10 |
j
In this issue, some modified form of popularity rating of articles is proposed to readers. Periods of visit statistics to the site of the journal remain unchanged and are 3 and 12 months.
In the tables articles which kept their position in the rankings are highlighted with yellow, articles that are again or firstly hit the top ten – with green, articles that dropped out of the rankings – with orange. In addition, the column is added, which explains change of the position in the ranking compared with the data published in the previous issue.
j
The first ten articles of the journal by duration of their viewing over the past 12 months (April 2010 – March 2011)
|
га ос |
otal time of viewing, minutes |
Total number of views |
Average viewing time, minutes |
Article |
Issue |
Authors |
Changing of the position in comparison with the previous issue |
|
|
1 |
1908 |
76 |
25 |
Development of the regional cluster systems |
№ 1 |
Tamara V.Uskova |
О |
0 |
|
2 |
1788 |
72 |
25 |
Strategy of region’s economy diversification |
№ 1 |
Leonid G.Yogman |
ж |
4 |
|
3 |
1730 |
49 |
35 |
The tourism industry: administrative levels and methods of forming |
№ 5 |
Tamara Ey. Dmitrieva Vitaly A. Schenyavsky |
▲ |
1 |
|
4 |
1715 |
72 |
24 |
Intellectual resources as innovation development factor |
№ 11 |
Vladimir A. Il`in Konstantin A. Gulin Tamara V. Uskova |
7 |
|
|
5 |
1557 |
92 |
17 |
Problems of local budgeting and municipal property |
№ 1 |
Sergey D. Valentey Taliya Y. Habrieva |
ж |
5 |
|
6 |
1310 |
72 |
18 |
Small business is an important reserve for development of a one company town |
№ 11 |
Stepan N. Tkachuk |
△ |
70 |
|
7 |
1141 |
46 |
25 |
Comparative assessment methodology of the region’s scientific and technical potential |
№ 12 |
Konstantin A. Zadumkin Igor А. Kondakov |
84 |
|
|
8 |
1086 |
55 |
20 |
Status and prospects of tourist industry development in the Vologda region |
№ 5 |
Svetlana A. Selyakova Liudmila V. Dubinicheva Kirill V. Markov |
Х7 |
1 |
|
9 |
971 |
48 |
20 |
Strategic reserves of labor productivity growth in the regional economy |
№ 9 |
Vladimir A. Il`in Konstantin A. Gulin Tamara V. Uskova |
△ |
10 |
|
10 |
703 |
31 |
23 |
Budget provision of municipal entities in the Vologda region: state, problems and improvement ways |
№ 9 |
Anna I. Povarova Tamara V. Uskova |
/\ |
22 |
|
Left the top ten |
||||||||
|
23 |
481 |
20 |
24 |
Prospects of Small Innovation Enterprises in the Academic and University Sectors of Science in Saint-Petersburg |
№ 6 |
Alexey A. Rumyantsev Alexey G. Strelnikov |
\/ |
20 |
|
34 |
352 |
17 |
21 |
House Building in the Region: Problems and Tracks of Solution |
№ 6 |
Anna I. Povarova Olga N. Gordina Tamara V. Uskova Anna M. Cherevko |
\/ |
29 |
|
60 |
222 |
21 |
11 |
Prospects for bioenergetics |
№ 8 |
Viktor V. Grachyov Roman B. Markov |
51 |
|
|
84 |
134 |
10 |
13 |
Spatial aspects of the region’s population socio-economic differentiation |
№ 7 |
Liudmila V. Kostyleva |
\/ |
82 |
|
86 |
131 |
10 |
13 |
Methodological basics of agrarian and industrial complex innovative development |
№ 2 |
Valentin A. Ivanov |
\7 |
78 |
The first ten articles of the journal by duration of their viewing over the past 3 months (January 2010 – March 2011)
|
го ОС |
Total time of viewing, minutes |
Total number of views |
Average viewing time, minutes |
Article |
Issue |
Authors |
Changing of the position in comparison with the previous issue |
|
|
1 |
1245 |
51 |
24 |
Strategy of region’s economy diversification |
№ 1 |
Leonid G.Yogman |
ж |
5 |
|
2 |
1162 |
40 |
29 |
Intellectual resources as innovation development factor |
№ 11 |
Vladimir A. Il`in Konstantin A. Gulin Tamara V. Uskova |
1 |
|
|
3 |
1141 |
46 |
25 |
Comparative assessment methodology of the region’s scientific and technical potential |
№ 12 |
Konstantin A. Zadumkin, Igor А. Kondakov |
/\ |
14 |
|
4 |
1078 |
59 |
18 |
Small business is an important reserve for development of a one company town |
№ 11 |
Stepan N. Tkachuk |
/\ |
10 |
|
5 |
917 |
58 |
16 |
Problems of local budgeting and municipal property |
№ 1 |
Sergey D. Valentey Taliya.Y. Habrieva |
\у |
3 |
|
6 |
573 |
21 |
27 |
Development of the regional cluster systems |
№ 1 |
Tamara V.Uskova |
\7 |
1 |
|
7 |
541 |
14 |
39 |
The system of goods promotion as a factor of engineering production development |
№ 9 |
Olga A. Gribanova |
\у |
3 |
|
8 |
524 |
27 |
19 |
Regulation of regional industrial development (on the example of the Murmansk region) |
№ 8 |
Nataliya I. Zershikova |
/\ |
114 |
|
9 |
489 |
15 |
33 |
Russia and the global crisis |
№ 12 |
Jacques Sapir |
/\ |
7 |
|
10 |
355 |
9 |
39 |
Social development of rural areas as agriculture stability factor |
№ 11 |
Alexandr N. Chekavinsky |
\у |
1 |
|
left the top ten |
||||||||
|
11 |
328 |
18 |
18 |
Dynamics of socioeconomic development of the Komi Republic |
№ 1 |
Vitaly N. Lazhentsev |
3 |
|
|
13 |
286 |
14 |
20 |
Agriculture on the European North: All-Russian agricultural census results |
№ 11 |
Valentin A. Ivanov Elena V. Ivanova |
6 |
|
|
23 |
145 |
12 |
12 |
The prospective ways for prediction of energy consumption of North |
№ 1 |
Svetlana S. Tuinova |
ху |
20 |
|
110 |
6 |
1 |
6 |
The Vologda region: prospects of territory’s demographic development |
№ 11 |
Alexandra A. Shabunova Anton O. Bogaturev |
\у |
100 |
Attention! The conference dates are carried over!
Journal № 1(13) published the information about the holding in the city of Vologda of the VI International scientific and practical conference “Strategy and tactics of socio-economic reforms implementation: the regional aspect”.
According to the joint decision of the Vologda oblast government and the RAS Presidium the dates ar carried over to the second half of the year.
Список литературы From the chief editor
- Non-economic brinks of economy: unknown interference. Research and publication notes of sociologists/interdisciplinary project manager and research editor O.T. Bogomolov, deputy manager of interdisciplinary project B.N. Kuzyk. -M.: Institute to Economic Strategies, 2010. -p. 6
- Nigmatulin R.I., Nigmatulin B.I. Original theorems of economic modernization of Russia//Non-economic brinks of economy: unknown interference. Research and publication notes of sociologists/interdisciplinary project manager and research editor O.T. Bogomolov, deputy manager of interdisciplinary project B.N. Kuzyk. -M.: Institute to Economic Strategies, 2010. -p. 44.
- Goregliad B. Singularities of the federal budget draft for 2011 and for the planning period of 2012 -2013.//Federalism. -2010. -№ 4. -p. 83-90.
- Methodical aspects of public opinion studies//“Economic and Social Change: Facts, Trends, Forecast”. -2010. -№ 3. -P. 6
