Fumarol carbonate mineralizations by the example of GFTE (Kamchatka)

Fumarole carbonate mineralizations from the Tolbachik dale (GFTE, Kamchatka) and from the Sand slides older eruptive center were investigated. As part of the mineralization, a rare association of aqueous chlorohydroxyl, hydroxyl carbonates and anhydrous K-Na-Mg-Ca carbonates with an admixture of sulfates, apatite and silicates of pyroclastic origin was diagnosed. The facts of the anomalous and heterogeneous isotope-geochemical properties of primary fumarole carbonates and the trend of the variability of these properties due to fumarole contamination by an exogenous-carbonate core material were revealed. It was established that the mineralization at the Sand Slides corresponded to carbonates of deep origin by isotopic properties.