Gastroscopy with biopsy and/or serological biopsy as the primary method of diagnosis of gastric mucosa condition

Nowadays formal programs for screening of early cancer and precancerous conditions of the gastric mucosa exist only in Japan and South Korea, where studies of the upper gastrointestinal are carried out in people at the age of 40 and older.Objective of the study: to assess the condition of the gastric mucosa in 40-50 year-old patients by means of determination of pepsinogen 1 and pepsinogen 2 concentration ratio, and esophagogastroduodenoscopy complemented by biopsy.Materials and methods. The analysis included examination results of 23 patients with the diagnosis: "unspecified dyspepsia". Gender distribution of patients: women - 12, men - 11, average age 46 + 3.6 years (M + m). It was a single-stage study. All patients underwent video esophagogastroduodenoscopy. There were also taken two biopsy samples, from the antrum and the body of the stomach, for a rapid urease test, and then the patients underwent blood sampling. Inclusion criteria: patients with dyspeptic symptoms who have not been previously examined and have not received any treatment; aged 40 to 50 years; voluntary informed consent for examination, positive result of rapid urease test. Withdrawal criteria: refusal to participate in the study, duodenal ulcer.Results. Atrophic gastritis was identified during endoscopic and morphological examination in three patients (out of 23) with gastric ulcers, but the concentration ratio of pepsinogen 1 and pepsinogen 2 was higher than 3/1.Conclusion. Our study has shown that determination of concentration ratio of pepsinogen 1 and pepsinogen 2 in patients under 50 does not reflect the presence of atrophic changes in the mucous membrane.