Hemodynamic adaptation of young children engaged in recreational swimming

Relevance. The development of children in early childhood is characterized by adaptive restructuring of the body, the evaluation criterion of which is the functioning of the cardiovascular system. Rapid motor activity at this age is accompanied by the improvement of the autonomic nervous system. For children of this age, recreational swimming classes are relevant, which contributes to their harmonious development and has a beneficial effect on the processes of recreation. The purpose of this work was to study cardiohemo-dynamics in the adaptive processes of early childhood children engaged in recreational swimming. Methods. The article presents the results of a study of hemodynamic parameters in 14 boys 2-3 years old engaged in recreational swimming. At the beginning and after six months of classes, height, weight, heart rate and blood pressure were recorded. A number of functional indicators were calculated, based on the values of which the reserves of the cardiovascular system were estimated, characterizing the adaptive capabilities of the child's body. Methods of mathematical statistics (Statistica 10) were used. The reliability of the differences is based on the Student's t-test. Results. As a result of the conducted studies, the formation of a more economical work of the heart was found due to a decrease in the frequency of contractions, an increase in their strength and systolic blood volume, as evidenced by a significant increase in the shock index, a decrease in the value of the double product and positive changes in the performance of the vascular bed. In the vegetative regulation, pronounced sympathicotonia and its decrease in the course of classes were noted. The increase in the functional reserves of the cardiovascular system was characterized by a decrease in the adaptive coefficient and an increase in the level of the functional state of the child's body. Conclusion. After six months of recreational swimming, positive cardiohemodynamics is noted, which, in combination with changes in vegetative indicators, positively affects adaptive processes, increases the level of reserve functional capabilities of the body of young children.