General provisions on contracts: types, conditions and significance in civil circulation

In the context of dynamically developing civil turnover, contracts remain a key instrument for regulating legal relations between entities. The present study is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the types, conditions and role of contracts in modern civil law. The authors systematize the classification of contracts, including new forms such as digital and mixed, and identify current problems of law enforcement practice related to ambiguity of terms and contradictions in legislation. Based on the analysis of judicial statistics (more than 10 thousand disputes in 2021-2023) and recent amendments to the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, recommendations on the unification of norms and standardization of contractual formulations are proposed. The results of the study confirm the need to adapt contract law to digital realities and improve dispute prevention mechanisms. The work contributes to the development of the doctrine of civil law and offers practical solutions to increase the stability of civil turnover.