Genealogical structure of the Aberdeen-Angus breed herd of the peasant (farm) economy Tsvetkova T.N. of the Republic of Crimea

The purpose of research is to study the genealogical structure of the Aberdeen Angus herd in one of the leading peasant farms of the Republic of Crimea. Information about the genealogy of the herd of cattle of the Aberdeen-Angus breed, formed in the conditions of the Republic of Crimea, is given and recommendations are given on further ways of developing this direction. As of 01/01/2022 in the Republic of Crimea, cattle for meat production are registered - 5,270 heads, or 13 % of the total livestock. The most popular breed in the Crimea is the Aberdeen Angus. An analysis of the genealogy of the herd of the Aberdeen-Angus breed, formed in the conditions of the republic, is given. The brood stock was received from 9 breeders. The offspring from the bull Atlas is more numerous - 81 heads (or 74 %). From other bulls, a significantly smaller number of daughters were obtained - from 7 to 1 head. A feature of the herd is the presence of animals with a red suit, which is recessive. With the gene of the red color in the homozygous state there were 6 animals (5.4 %). In addition, the carriers of this gene are other descendants of the Atlas bull, but with a black suit, in the amount of 75 heads. To increase the livestock of the red suit, it is necessary to breed animals that have the red suit gene in the homozygous and heterozygous states, selecting bulls carrying this gene for their insemination. Directions for further work with the herd are outlined: the main selection criteria are reproductive efficiency, the presence of bulls that transmit good fattening traits, “marbling” of meat, but at the same time retaining a high fertility trait. When planning breeding work, it is necessary to follow the general breeding program of the Aberdeen Angus breed, which provides for the preservation of the general traits of the breed and individual ones that are adapted in specific regions and farms, while taking into account the heritability and expression of traits in the complex. Purposeful line breeding should be followed; attention should be paid to identifying candidate genes for beneficial traits and the presence of genetic defects.