Genetic biomarkers of glial brain tumors: IDH1 and IDH2 mutations

Introduction. Mutations in the isocytrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 genes (IDH1 and IDH2) are considered driver genetic events in gliomas. Their frequency reaches 7080 % in low-grade gliomas and in secondary glioblastomas, and their oncogenic effect is realized by accumulation of the metabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate, which disrupts DNA and protein methylation processes. The aim of the study was to analyze the associations between the presence of IDH1/2 mutations and clinical and morphological parameters of glial tumors. Material and Methods. The study included 147 patients with glial brain tumors. Associations between IDH1/2 status and tumor histological type, age of disease onset, tumor localization, and clinical manifestations were investigated. Results. Gliomas containing IDH1/2 mutations were characterized by a younger age at diagnosis (mean: 39.5 years) compared to IDH-negative cases (47.2 years) (p