Genetic Codes of Seismic Waves: Deciphering the Structure and Seismic Stratigraphic Division of the Section in the Convergence Zone of the South Caspian Basin and the Middle Caspian Basin

The main oil and gas fields of Azerbaijan are located in the transitional zone between the Middle Caspian and South Caspian basins. Consequently, the study of the tectono-stratigraphic structure of the sedimentary cover in this area is of significant importance. The primary aim of this research is to analyze the sedimentary cover of this zone, identify geological structures that may contain oil and gas accumulations, and propose hypotheses about the geological history of the formation of these sedimentary complexes. To achieve these objectives, a seismic stratigraphic analysis was applied. The boundaries of seismic complexes were delineated and dissected based on seismic profile data and well logs. Key geological features such as toplap, onlap unconformities, and cli-noforms—structures that facilitate the formation of non-anticlinal traps—were identified. Moreover, the analysis of seismic reflection dynamics allowed conclusions to be drawn regarding the paleogeographic conditions of sediment accumulation.