Genesis and essence of special legal regimes

Introduction: the article presents the genesis and comparative analysis of special legal regimes in some foreign countries and in the Russian Federation. The reasons for the emergence of these regimes and the features of their introduction and implementation in different historical periods are considered. The signs of special legal regimes common to different states are given Materials and Methods: in the course of the study, the research of domestic scientists, normative legal acts establishing special legal regimes, historical normative sources were used. The author used general scientific methods: system approach, induction, analogy, analysis, synthesis. The Results of the Studys: the paper analyzes the formation and development of special legal regimes as one of the most important institutions of constitutional law, presents the features of special legal states characteristic of all legal states. Findings and Conclusions: legal regimes ensure the legal personality of participants in public relations in new legal and social realities, establish conditions and limits for restricting rights in extreme conditions for the state (or individual territories). A special regime can be introduced only if the mechanisms provided for by the law do not allow to effectively cope with the situation that has developed for the state. The most important is the legal procedure for recognizing the current situation, when there is an objective need to introduce a special legal regime. The real legal status of citizens in the state directly depends on this mechanism.