Genotyping of the native varieties of soft wheat by the microsatellite (SSR) markers

The authors made the genotyping of native varieties of soft wheat with use of microsatellite markers. It was shown, that the set containing 23 microsatellite markers permit to characterize unambiguously each studied variety. The approach to the establishment of microsatellite genomic passport for soft wheat varieties was suggested. When the genomic passport of hypothetic «averaged» genotype of contemporary variety was compared with each individual variety it was determined, that «averaged» contemporary variety has high similarity with the genotype of the Saratovskaya 29 variety. The database was created that contains the results of employment from 19 to 210 microsatellite markers for the analysis of nuclear genome of 60 native wheat varieties. The essential qualitative distinctions were revealed by the set of alleles between ancient and contemporary native soft wheat varieties. The necessity of maintenance the collection of the ancient soft wheat varieties as potential source of the genetic diversity is discussed.