Smooth awned barley varieties and their use in Eastern Siberia fodder production

The purpose of research is to carry out a comparative assessment of smooth- awned varieties of barley Sobolek and the variety Emelya that replaced it. Both varieties belong to the ricotense variety, characterized by a six-row spike structure and smooth (non-serrated) awns. A comparative assessment of these varieties by the yield of grain and green mass in the conditions of Eastern Siberia is carried out. During the period of the beginning of milky-wax ripeness in the green mass of plants, the quantitative indicators of dry matter, the content and collection of protein from a unit area, and fiber are determined. It is shown that the highest yield of green mass was obtained in mixed crops of barley and legumes in a ratio of 50:50. In the conditions of the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe, the maximum grain yield of the Sobolek variety averaged over 2015–2017. 4.39 t/ha and Emelya varieties – 4.98 t/ha at a seeding rate of 7.0 million germinating grains per hectare. The highest yield of green mass was formed by the Emelya variety – 22.6 t/ha in the variant with a seeding rate of 5.0 million germinating grains per hectare. At the same seeding rate, the yield of green mass of the Sobolek variety was 20.5 t/ha. The dry matter yield in this variant of the experiment was 8.21 t/ha for the Sobolek variety and 8.23 t/ha for the Emelya variety. The use of these varieties as components in mixed crops with peas can increase the yield of green mass by 19–53 %. The new smoothawned variety of spring barley Emelya has an advantage in grain yield by 1.24 t/ha, green mass – by 2.9 t/ha, dry matter – by 0.78 t/ha, plant foliage – by 7.7 %.