Global ICT governance: approaches of the great powers (Russia, the PRC, and the U.S.)

Nowadays, the global governance of ICT resembles a pitchfork or a mirror reflecting the dynamics and zeitgeist of а new world order formation. On the one hand, its relevance is growing due to the impact of this megatrend on the global development. However, instead of becoming a tool for achieving common good, ICTs are often seen as a means of future warfare and as potential offensive and defensive capabilities. Hence, ICT is a source of attributive and relational power of states. On the other hand, ICT development affects the key principle of the Westphalian system - national sovereignty. States, being interested in its preservation or expansion, act within the framework of global institutions as normative actors in the field of international information and cyber security. Thus, ICTs also become a source for states' normative power. This article contains examination of Russian, American and Chinese approaches to global ICT regulation and the main challenges encountered along the way. Its conclusion provides the necessary steps that Russia should take in this direction to achieve leadership in this domain and avoid being constrained and degraded by other powers.