Global Gross Domestic Product: Cost Structure and Trends in Its Changes in the Context of the Transition to a Civilization of Cognitive Technologies

The study examines changes in the sociocultural basis during the transition to the civilization of cognitive technologies – a developmental stage of society wherein its key requirement consists of artificial cognitive systems managing machines for the production of material goods. It is emphasized that the sociocultural basis is understood as an integral model of knowledge operating with a multitude of significant social and cultural factors, collectively ensuring a systemic representation of civilization. Particular attention is paid to the cost structure of the global gross domestic product (GDP), which is employed as a complex characteristic of this basis. This structure is formed from three groups of expenditures: those on labor, on materials, and on energy. It is stressed that the transition to the civilization of cognitive technologies will be accompanied by the “liberation” of a substantial portion of individuals employed in industry, agriculture, and certain sectors of the service industry; a significant expansion in the nomenclature of used materials through their synthesis by artificial intelligence systems; and an increasingly broad application of “clean” energy sources, including nuclear power. Furthermore, it argues for the idea that the significance of labor in the conditions of the civilization of cognitive technologies will not diminish, and an increase in the share of expenditures on labor in the structure of global GDP is probable. In conclusion, the article dwells upon the fact that these transformations underscore the evolving interplay between technological advancement and socioeconomic structures, necessitating adaptive policies to harness the potential of cognitive systems while mitigating labor displacement.