City as a modern cultural phenomenon: research problems

Relevance of the topic is determined by the need to systematize accumulated theoretical material for the study of the culture of a modern fast-developed city. In the first half of the XIX century K. Marx and F. Engels proposed socio-economic approach to the urban culture study. F. Tönnies and G. Simmel influenced establishment of the Chicago urban school in the 1920-1930-s, representatives of which worked at the confluence of natural science and social science. In Russia from the beginning of the last century urban geography developed by virtue of the researches of Petersburg local history expert N. Antsiferov who supported comprehensive approach to the study of the city as a cultural phenomenon and distinguished “anatomy”, “physiology” and “psychology” (soul) of a city.