A state-legal retrospective of Ancient Rome. Changing the legal status of freedmen as one of the economic factors of development

The text analyzes the transition period from the republic to the empire in Ancient Rome, focusing on the principle of Caracal about equalizing all residents of Rome and assigning them the status of citizens. The author looks at the problem from a non-standard perspective and considers freedmen as a factor and driver of the economic growth of Ancient Rome. The main focus is on the significance of this legislative action in the context of the unification of tax legislation and the understanding of citizenship as a privilege and an element of expanding the influence of the state. The text also touches on important topics such as population growth, migration, the judicial system, the development of institutions of state and law, as well as Cicero’s ideas about entrepreneurial freedom and rationality as the basis for the development of society.