Group relative deprivation: network approaches to the identity formation

Network approaches to the problems of collective identity formation are considered from the perspective of the micro and macro levels. From the standpoint of the relational approach, dense, strong, complex, mutual ties of individuals form socially cohesive and relatively isolated networks that create the environment for the common culture and identity development. In this regard, the researchers examined the tendency of strongly connected individuals to internalize similar attitudes/behaviors to a third party. Within the positional approach, the awareness of the same position in the network resulted in the same vision of the world was considered as the source of collective identity. In addition, the author discussed the role of brokers integrating network segments into one system in the formation of a single identity. Based on the theory of critical mass by M. Granovetter and his concept of the strength of weak ties, the researchers analyzed the impact of the network characteristics and types of networks among the population with different motivation levels on the degree of the subsequent protest participation.