Characteristics of the vaginal microbiome of patients with habitual miscarriage

Backgraund: The frequency of problem of habitual miscarriage is about 2-5%, it’s very important in modern obstetrics. Infectious factor plays a very important role in genesis of habitual miscarriage. The question about etiology of infection is widely discussed in literature. Aims: This article is devoted to the study of vaginal microbiome of healthy women and women with habitual miscarriage as well as to the study of the spectrum of gas signal molecules released by them, which play important role in maintaining a healthy body Materials and methods: The sample of the material from the vagina was taken with a sterile swab on a polystyrene stick with an area of 1 cm2 and within 2 hours was delivered to the bacteriological laboratory. To isolate facultatively anaerobic and aerobic bacteria, nutrient media were used: Endo agar for enterobacteria, mannitol-salt agar (M118) for staphylococci, micrococci, for detection of lecithinase activity - Baird-Parker agar, etc. Cultivation was carried out at a temperature of 37 °C for 24-48 hours. The number of colonies was expressed in lg CFU / ml. the Production of gas signaling molecules (H2, O2, N2, CO, CH4, CO2, NO, H2S) was determined using the gas chromatography method on the Chromatek-crystal 5000.2 instrument. The amount of gases was measured in ppm. Results: The spectrum of the main vaginal microbiome of healthy women (19-23 years) is represented by bacteria of the normal microbiota of the genera Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, Bifidobacterium, Peptococcus, Peptostreptococcus, Bacillus, Staphylococcus (epidermal strains). Opportunistic fungi of the genus Candida, Bacter-oides, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococci, Micrococci, Weylonella, Gardnerella and Actinomycetes were isolated in rare cases. Different strains of lactobacilli were isolated in 91% of healthy women. Lactobacilli produced the most of all the next gas molecules: CO2, CO and NO. Dysbiotic disorders of the vaginal microbiome in non-pregnant women with a history of habitual miscarriage have been established. Also a decrease in the production of gas signaling molecules: CO and NO, and an increase in the production of H2S and CH4 was in this group of patients. Conclusions: These results indicate the inhibition of the immune response in this category of patients. The correction of dysbiotic disorders is needed before pregnancy.