Detection characteristics and features of signal processing of aerial objects on images of spacborne synthetic aperture radars

The article considers the possibilities of detecting airborne moving targets by space radars with aperture synthesis using interferometry mode along the path. The method of calculating the signal-to-noise ratio, the characteristics of detecting aerial targets in the mode of selection of moving targets is described. Based on calculations, it is shown that the dynamics of the underlying surface caused by fluctuations in grass, foliage or an agitated sea surface significantly reduces the ability to detect aerial objects by space radars with aperture synthesis in the selection of moving targets mode. It is shown by the examples of existing space radars with aperture synthesis that when using the interferometry method along the path, at least 2 interferometric bases and refocusing on the marks of bright moving targets in the mode of selection of moving targets channel, the effectiveness of the detection procedure can be sufficient for practical applications. However, the region of small radial velocity values remains a «blind» zone for any multi-base circuit configurations and can only be reduced by increasing the energy potential of the space radars with aperture synthesis.