Chemical Composition and Biochemical Properties of Cow's Milk with the Addition of a Vitamin-Mineral Supplement to Their Diet

Recently, one of the significant areas of animal husbandry has become the search for effective ways to improve the productivity and quality of dairy products of cows using various biologically active feed additives. A pressing task is to test available, inexpensive and environmentally friendly feed additives. In accordance with Directive 2002/32/EC, the quality and safety of products intended for animal feeding must be assessed before their use in feed to ensure that they do not pose a danger to human health, animal health and the environment. The objective of our research was to determine the effect of a vitamin and mineral supplement on the quality indicators of cows' milk. The objects of the research were lactating cows of the black-and-white breed aged 4.5 years. The drug "Acid Bio-CIT" liquid is a mixture of biologically active compounds produced by the mycelial fungus Fusarium sambucinum. The additive contains free fatty acids, proteins, carotenoids, carbohydrates, vitamins A, F, D3, H and B group. The preparation has a stabilizing effect on the contents of the gastrointestinal tract, microflora and helps strengthen the immune system. Nanostructured bentonite was obtained by ultrasonic treatment in an ultrasonic disperser UZU-0.25 with a power of 80 W at a frequency of 18.5 kHz with an oscillation amplitude of the ultrasonic waveguide of 5 μm for (5-20) min at room temperature, resulting in a water-bentonite suspension with bentonite particle sizes from 5 to 100 nm. The use of a complex feed additive allows animals to most effectively use plant fiber in feed and achieve an optimal level of protein not split in the rumen, which allows animals of this group to achieve the highest levels of fat and protein mass fraction in milk.