Surgical treatment of patients with aortic valve defect in combination with ascending aorta expansion less than 5 cm (literature review)

Ascending aortic aneurysms are serious diseases of the cardiovascular system with an unfavorable prognosis in their "natural" course and the absence of adequate surgical treatment. Isolated aneurysms of the ascending aorta are quite rare, for the most part, they are combined with pathology of the valvular apparatus of the heart, more often with pathology of the aortic valve. If with ascending aortic aneurysm and aortic valve defect, most cardiac surgeons have no doubts about their prosthetics with a valve-containing conduit according to the Bentall - De Bono method or separate prosthetics of the aortic valve and the ascending aorta, then with borderline aortic ectasia up to 5 cm, there are still numerous discussions about the method of surgical treatment. The question of indications for surgical treatment in patients with the size of the root and ascending aorta up to 5 cm is not sufficiently covered in the modern literature and requires further study.