Surgical treatment of giant macular holes using autologous retinal transplantation

Purpose: To evaluate the anatomical and functional efficacy of autologous retinal transplantation in patients with giant macular holes. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed of three clinical cases of patients who underwent surgery at the Center of Ophthalmology, N.I. Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center, in 2024–2025. All patients underwent transplantation of a peripheral neurosensory retinal flap into the area of the macular defect, followed by silicone oil tamponade of the vitreous cavity. Results: Anatomical closure of the foveal defect was achieved in all cases. Serial OCT images demonstrated restoration of the outer retinal layers, including gradual reformation of the ellipsoid zone. Subjective improvement in visual function was noted, with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) increasing to 0.2–0.3. Conclusion: Autologous neurosensory retinal transplantation is an effective method for restoring macular anatomy in cases of giant macular holes refractory to conventional surgical techniques.