History of technological science and development strategy

Before humanity was formed into a nation and a people, it began to engage in labor. While labor and profession were initially considered the mainstay of survival, as the later stages of development took root, the profession also began to be pursued for material gain. Even in the tenth century, the development of special industries, the development of industries that could provide large populations with the necessary items, is a clear proof of this. This field has been developing in huge countries for many centuries. Historically, in the IX-XII centuries, handicrafts developed especially widely at a time when the economic ties of our people with foreign nations were growing. According to historical sources, the inhabitants of the so-called urban areas were engaged in 32 different trades. At the time of the first census in 1897, most of the major cities in the country were:

• -    64% of the population of Namangan;

• -    52% of Kokand;

• -    54% of the population of Chust;

• -    50% of the population of Margilan were independent professionals.

In the XII-XV centuries in Movaunnakhr and Khorasan the science of craft and its development reached a high level. In particular, the archeological excavations carried out in our republic show that the field of handicrafts developed in our region two thousand years ago, during which time handicrafts became an independent branch among the largest division of labor. Crafts such as blacksmithing, jewelry, coppersmithing and tin-making have been the most widespread since ancient times, and one of the most widespread ancient crafts is woodworking, which is practiced in many ancient cities of the country, including Bukhara, Khorezm and Samarkand. is still preserved and passed down from generation to generation. Doppidoz (hat betting) is also one of the professions that is deeply rooted in the blood of the Uzbek people and enriched with new ideas in the modern world. In addition, there are various professions made of leather, shoemaking, baking, confectionery, butchery, culinary professions formed on the basis of large weddings, which have been formed and developed for many years. In the early twentieth century, as a result of technological advances, a new craft -sewing - emerged on the basis of the emergence of sewing machines.

Therefore, the demand for vocational training and vocational guidance has existed for a long time, and the history of this science dates back to the distant past (in the 3rd millennium BC). At that time, graduates of the Babylonian school of scribes were tested and assigned to positions based on their level of education. Mirza, a well-trained man, was a central figure in Mesopotamian civilization: he measured fields, divided property, played musical instruments and sang.

Different countries had different methods of vocational guidance and testing. In Egypt, recruits were interviewed and their biographies, education, appearance, and communication skills were tested. Thus, the acquisition of a profession and vocational training has long been considered important, but officially professional counseling agencies began to appear at the beginning of the century.

Historically, one of the first decrees of the former Soviet Union on public education - the "Regulations on the Unified School of Labor" - considered labor education as an important factor in education, the full development of the individual. In addition, in recent years, serious attention has been paid to the vocational guidance of the younger generation, and a number of laws have been implemented to develop the teaching of labor education. In 1977, "On further improving the education and training of secondary school students," in 1984, "On improving labor education, training of schoolchildren, their training in career choice." "On the organization of socially useful, productive work."

Approved by the former Soviet government in April 1984 and implemented in practice, the "main directions of the reform of general education and vocational schools" were aimed at improving the efficiency and quality of labor training of students. The reform envisages a doubling of the number of hours devoted to the training of students, the establishment of a common profession in schools, and as a result, students will be able to take one of the public professions before starting work, as well as career choice. slightly increased demand.

During the years of independence, the country has undergone significant changes in the field of education, on the basis of the laws "On Education", "National Training Program" manuals and other manuals were created. A number of research and pedagogical scientists in the country are studying the introduction of pedagogical technologies in the educational process. The First President of the Republic of Uzbekistan I.A. Karimov stressed that "providing the educational process with advanced pedagogical technologies" is an important task in the implementation of the National Program. The organization of the process of technological science plays an important role in the system of continuing education in the country in the implementation of the social order for the training of competitive professionals in various fields, the creation of conditions for their acquisition of high knowledge and skills, the organization of highly qualified specialists in the production process. If we analyze the education system of a number of developed countries today, we can see that serious attention is paid to technical processes. The development of our country depends on the sphere of production, the development of the sphere of production depends on the qualifications of specialists.

It is the combination of intellectual and physical knowledge, skills and abilities of students in the field of technology and the development of sensory skills in technical work, as well as the world of professions, difficulties and disparities in choosing a profession, factors to consider when choosing a profession. information about is given as the main goal of science. This means that the focus on the science of technology will allow not only technical colleges, but also young people to make a conscious choice of their profession, taking into account all aspects. By increasing the interest of students who have chosen the right profession, that is, by improving the quality and effectiveness of education, we will be able to train mature, world-class professionals. These specialists directly contribute to the development of the country by developing production processes.

It can be said that the purposeful use of modern educational technologies and tools in the organization of technology lessons, the introduction of innovative pedagogical technologies will increase students' interest in science, to have a clear idea of the implementation of the objects of labor in practical training It opens up a wide range of opportunities for the formation of in-depth knowledge, skills and competencies in the conduct of labor operations.

Today, developed countries around the world are moving from agricultural production to industrial production, that is, to a state of automated industrial production based on new techniques and technologies. The technical potential of specialists plays an important role in the development of production. The basic skills of manufacturing professionals are taught in technology classes in general secondary schools.