Economical and biological traits of seeds and correlations between them in sunflower parental lines and hybrids

The main direction in breeding and seed growing of sunflower is development and reproduction of highly productive hybrids. Because morphometric trait of seeds are very important along with yield and oil content, our main task in work was to study parameters of seeds of parental lines and hybrids and to determine the presence of correlations between them. The studying of the economically valuable traits of seeds of sunflower parental lines and hybrids and correlations between them was conducting in 2010-2012, 2014. The objects of the research were 18 maternal lines, 14 paternal lines-restorers of pollen fertility and seven sunflower hybrids. During studying maternal and paternal lines with high 1000 seeds weight were determined. Hybrids had the meanings of this trait on the same level of the best maternal sunflower lines. A negative impact of seed huskiness on its oil content was proved. Six maternal lines and one sunflower hybrid had roundish form of seeds, the rest samples from the studied collection had longish form of seeds. An authentic high positive correlation between 1000 seeds weight and their width at maternal lines (r = 0.536) and between 1000 seeds weight and their length and width at paternal lines (r = 0.712 and r = 0.623, respectively). Increase of precipitations amount within a period of sunflower seeds formation and maturing influenced positively on 1000 seeds weight.