Chrononyms in calendar traditions of the Ural Germans

The article considers peculiarities of the folk chrononymy of the Ural Germans (Republic of Bash­kortostan, Perm Krai, Orenburg and Chelyabinsk regions) based on the field data. The system of the folk chrononymy of the Ural Germans is based on the names of Christian feasts and important dates and peri­ods. Peculiarities of terminology of certain calendar periods and feasts are revealed; relations between church traditions and folk menology are considered; special features connected with the dialect speech peculiarities are determined. The majority of chrononyms of the feast calendar are connected to the main Christian feasts, which are Easter and Christmas. The Ural Germans come from different resettlement re­gions of western part of Russia. They are presented by different confessional groups and live in different parts of the region. These factors determine the variety of chrononyms in different local traditions. The base of the chrononym system of the Ural Germans consists of the chrononyms brought from the historical homeland in central and northern Europe to western parts of Russia during resettlement. All the chrono-nyms presented in German dialects have analogues with the traditions of the mother country, which refers to both church names of feasts and their folk interpretations. The Ural Germans' chrononymy is a dynamic and multilayer system, including both traditional nominations and nonethnic borrowings of different peri­ods, as well as terminology derived from the Soviet and Russian civil fests. Since the middle of the XXth century the chrononyms have been functioning actively under the conditions of German-Russian bilingual-ism.