Individual changes of female physical status during fitness programs

Most middle-aged women, who want to work on their fitness aim at reducing excess weight and improving stature-based insecurities. The visitors of fitness clubs vary in age, somatotype, aerobic power, body fat and body fat distribution. The purpose of this paper was to identify the individual factors affecting effectiveness of fitness programs. Materials and Methods. The study enrolled 61 females, aged 21-35. The authors examined body height and weight, lower and upper arm circumference, waistline, hip and calf circumference during baseline visit and several months after bodily exercises according to Kalashnikov scheme. They also measured the thickness of the rolls on the forearm, front and back shoulder, above the scapula, on the abdomen, mid-thigh and front lower leg. The mean values were determined for the compared samples during statistical processing. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for this purpose. Results. The key factor that affects the increase in female body size and the reduction in their fat mass after fitness programs is the baseline level of these indicators...