Influence of the chloroplast structure on the density of photon states and the efficiency of solar energy conversion
Автор: Shabanova K.A., Loginov Yu.Yu., Bukhanov E.R., Volochaev M.N., Pyatina S.A.
Журнал: Siberian Aerospace Journal @vestnik-sibsau-en
Рубрика: Technological processes and material science
Статья в выпуске: 4 vol.22, 2021 года.
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Due to the absorption of solar energy in chloroplasts – green plastids, solar energy is converted into the energy of chemical bonds. Studying the processes of photosynthesis and increasing its efficiency is relevant for the development of closed life support systems, during long flights in space as well. Chloroplasts are filled with stacks of highly ordered thylakoid membranes (grana). Pigment-protein photosynthetic complexes are located on the border of these membranes. For a long time, the structural characteristics of chloroplasts were not given due attention and they were studied as isotropic substances, but in recent years it has been shown that they have anisotropic properties and a high conversion coefficient during charge separation. In this work, an approach was proposed for a more accurate spatial determination of grana in plant chloroplasts and for determining the size of a single unit. Thylakoid membranes and the boundaries of the facet consisting of them are clearly visible in an electron microscope if the electron beam is directed strictly perpendicularly. It was noticed that when the stage is rotated, different regions of the membranes become either blurred or more distinct, which suggests that the grana in chloroplasts are not located in the same plane. Also, a comparison was made of the influence of different external conditions on the chloroplast structure of a plant, not only through a comparison of morphological characteristics, but also through numerical modeling and comparison of the objects spectral properties. For numerical simulation, periodic lattices were determined for the main structural units of chloroplasts of different samples. On the basis of these gratings, the transmission spectra were calculated using the transfer matrix method. Also, the obtained values of the electromagnetic wave along the lattice made it possible to calculate the graphs of the density of photon states. The results of the calculation method of plots of the density of photon states based on the structure of chloroplasts made it possible not only to assess the possible efficiency of photosynthesis, but also to directly relate these models to the external conditions affecting the plant.
Biophotonic crystal, density of photon states, electron microscopy, photosynthesis
Короткий адрес: https://sciup.org/148329601
IDR: 148329601 | DOI: 10.31772/2712-8970-2021-22-4-708-717
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