Incorporation as a means of implementing a role category (on the material of German verbs)

The development of the language in the field of vocabulary and word formation has always been more active than in other areas of the language system. The word is a fixer of the transformations observed at the present stage of social development. Word formation serves as a source of new names needed by society and reflects the dynamics of social processes. Modern derivational processes reflect the action of a number of extralinguistic factors, which in a special way characterizes the modern sociolinguistic situation and speaks of changes in the field of word formation. The article deals with the actualization of the category of incorporation on the material of German verbs. Corpus data is used as the material source. Verbs with incorporated actants actualize various semantic functions, including those considered in the article - the subject and the object, who performs the action, what is the source of the action, and to whom or what this action is oriented, as well as tool and descriptive.. This is characteristic of multi-structural languages, not only polysynthetic ones. The study develops the idea of S.D. Katsnelson about role categories, role functions that are not systematized and not considered from the point of view of the semantic theory of valency.