Innovative management as the basis of strategic development of the enterprise

In its most general form, innovation management is a system for preparing and making decisions aimed at the formation, support and development of innovative and technical potential of Russia as a whole, each enterprise, each organization in particular. Innovation management is one of the forms of general, functional management, the object of which are the processes of innovative and technological development. In other words, innovation management is a system, a set of systematic knowledge of modern management about the methods of creating labor-intensive innovations and their effectiveness.

he founder of the scientific management system is considered to be the famous English scientist Frederick W. Taylor. He first published his principles of scientific management in 1911.

At first. The administration takes upon itself the development of a scientific foundation, replacing the old traditional and crudely practical methods, for each individual action in all the different varieties of labor used in the enterprise.

Secondly. The administration makes a careful selection of workers on the basis of scientifically established features, and then trains, educates and develops each individual worker, while in the past the worker himself chose a specialty and trained on it as well as he could.

Thirdly. The administration carries out cordial cooperation with workers in the direction of achieving compliance of all individual branches of production with the scientific principles that it had previously developed.

Fourth. An almost uniform distribution of labor and responsibility is established between the administration of the enterprise and the workers ...... This combination of workers' initiative combined with new types of functions performed by the administration of the enterprise makes the scientific organization so much superior in performance to all old systems. ”In his works, he formulated two main tasks of management: - ensuring the greatest prosperity of the entrepreneur; - improving the welfare of each employee.

At the same time, by the prosperity of entrepreneurship, which is very important to this day, he understood not only the receipt of high profits, but also the further development of the business. Speaking about improving the well-being of workers, he had in mind not only their high wages in accordance with the expended energy, but also the development in each employee of the potential laid down in him by nature. The principles of the scientific organization of labor, developed by F. Taylor, later became the basis for the creation of conveyor, massflow production, and the foundations of scientific management were widely used both in industry and in other sectors of the economy.

The most important components of innovation management are its functions:

• -    forecasting;

• -    planning;

  -organization;

  -motivation;

• -    accounting and control;

• -    analysis and evaluation.

Let's consider them in more detail. Forecast - a scientifically based judgment about the possible conditions of the object in the future, about alternative development paths and the life of the object. The forecast in the control system is a preplanned development of multivariate models for the development of the control object. Dates, volumes of work, numerical characteristics of the object and other indicators in the forecast are probabilistic in nature and necessarily provide for the possibility of making adjustments.

Planning is the stage of the management process, which implies the determination of the goals and objectives of the activity, the development of the necessary methods and means of solving them, the most effective in specific conditions. In contrast to the forecast, the plan contains uniquely defined timelines for the implementation of the event and the characteristics of the planned object. For planned developments use the most rational forecast option.

Organization is the next function of the innovation management system, the main tasks of which are the formation of the organization’s structure and providing it with all the necessary resources for its normal operation - personnel, materials, equipment, buildings, cash, etc., i.e. creation of real conditions for achieving the planned goals. Often this requires a restructuring of the structure of production and management in order to increase their flexibility and adaptability to the requirements of a market economy. Currently, organizations are forming a management structure in accordance with their own needs. The next important task of the organization’s function is to create conditions for the formation of such a culture within the organization, which is characterized by high sensitivity to changes, scientific and technological progress, and common values for the whole organization. The main thing here is work with personnel, development of strategic and economic thinking in the minds of managers, support for employees of the business warehouse who are prone to creativity, innovation and not afraid to take risks and take responsibility for solving various problems of the enterprise.

Motivation is an activity aimed at activating people working in an organization and encouraging them to work effectively to achieve their goals. To do this, they are economically and morally stimulated, enrich the content of labor and create conditions for the manifestation of the creative potential of workers and their self-development. Carrying out this function, managers must constantly influence the factors of effective work of members of the labor collective.

Accounting is a function of innovative management in fixing time, resource consumption, and any parameters of the management system. Accounting should be organized to implement all plans, programs, tasks in such parameters as quality, costs, performers and deadlines. It is desirable to organize accounting for the consumption of resources for all types of resources, manufactured goods, their stages of the life cycle and units. In relation to complex equipment, it is necessary to organize automated metering of failures, operating costs, maintenance and repairs.

Accounting Requirements:

• -    ensuring the completeness of accounting;

• -    ensuring dynamism, i.e. accounting indicators in dynamics and the use of accounting results for analysis;

• -    systematic support, i.e. accounting indicators of the management system and its external environment;

• -    automation of accounting based on computer technology;

• -    ensuring the continuity of accounting;

• -    use of accounting results in the promotion of quality work.

Control - a management function to ensure the implementation of programs, plans, written or oral assignments, documents that implement management decisions.

Analysis - the decomposition of the whole into elements and the subsequent establishment of interconnections between them in order to improve the quality of forecasting, planning and implementing decisions on the development of the object.