Institutional role of local government in modern Russia

The article deals with the necessity of decentralization in social production management as a condition of democratic transformations at a new level of human civilization. In a democratic community various public organizations of a civil society should exercise a two-way control - both «from above» and «from below». The latter are designed to operate as some kind of «incubators» for making politically active citizens and overcoming public inactivity of the population.