Institutional environment for regulating the problems of foreign citizenship in the Southern Ural in the first half of the 1920s

Using the example of the Southern Urals, the article examines the verticals of central and local authorities that have developed in the Soviet state to regulate foreign citizenship; the status of foreigners in the territory of the USSR and their categories are considered. The author reconstructs the structure and functions of the administrative bodies of the region; analyzes the role of the provincial departments of management in the early 1920s, the interaction and relationships of administrative departments and departments for working with foreigners at the county, district and regional levels after the creation in 1923 in the Ural region. It is established that the Foreign Department of the Central Administrative Department of the NKVD of the RSFSR was headed by the Ural Executive Committee of Soviets, which in turn managed the district administrative departments, and through them the county departments, which had a similar structure. All of them maintained close contacts with the local authorities of the OGPU on issues of relations with foreign citizens. The need to create offices for working with foreigners was due to the concentration of a significant part of foreigners in certain districts of the region. The functions of the departments for working with foreigners included registration, registration and eviction from the territory of the USSR; registration of a residence permit and attachment at the place of residence; office work on the admission of foreigners to Russian citizenship, registration of the status of permanent and temporary residents of foreigners (since 1926), recognition of foreigners of persons without documents claiming to be such, etc. It is noted that zoning, as a result of which the structure became more complicated and the number of administrative bodies increased, complicated the situation, since the liquidation of the provincial departments of management allowed foreigners to avoid timely departure or renewal of their residence permits. The leading role of the administrative departments of the Troitsky and Chelyabinsk districts of the Ural region in working with foreigners in the Southern Urals is revealed.