An integral model of risk factors for nonsuicidal self-injurious behavior among nonclinical adolescent males of draft age

Non-suicidal self-injurious behavior (NSSI) is a significant mental health problem among conscription-age men, but remains poorly studied in non-clinical populations, especially in the Russian context. Existing risk models rarely take into account the gender and social specifics of this group. Aim: to develop and empirically verify an integrated model of risk factors for SHB in conscription-age men in the non-clinical population. Materials and methods: the study involved 507 men aged 18–30 years (mean age 19.68±2.07 years) undergoing a medical examination at a military commissariat. SHB was diagnosed based on DSM-V criteria. A set of psychometric methods was used: the Five-Factor Personality Questionnaire (5PFQ), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11), the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ), and others. For the analysis, we used univariate methods (χ² criterion, Mann–Whitney U) and binary logistic regression with stepwise selection of variables. Results. The overall prevalence of NSSI in the sample was 18.9% (n=96). The final integrated model included five key predictors combined into four factors: affective-impulsive dysregulation: high rates of impulsivity (BIS-11; OR=1.049; p=0.008) and anxiety (BAI; OR=1.089; p=0.008); destructive coping: interest in dangerous Internet content (OR=4.271; p=0.005); family dysfunction: disharmonious relationships in the family (OR=3.811; p=0.003); Personality vulnerability: high neuroticism (5PFQ; OR=1.493; p=0.024). The model demonstrated good psychometric properties: Nagelkerke determination coefficient R²=0.387, classification accuracy – 86.2%, Hosmer- Lemeshow test confirmed the adequacy of the model (p=0.633). Conclusions. NSSI in individuals of conscription age is a multidimensional phenomenon formed at the intersection of personality predisposition (neuroticism), emotionalregulatory deficit (anxiety, impulsivity), deviant behavioral patterns and unfavorable family background. The proposed model provides a theoretical basis for the development of differentiated preventive and screening measures in the system of military medical examination and mental health services.