Intellectual Migrations in the Modern World

This article is devoted to the consideration of the processes of intellectual migration in the realities of the modern world. The relevance and significance of the topic of knowledge transfer and intellectual resources for modern social philosophy is substantiated. The main approaches to the definition of the phenomenon of intellectual migrations are considered. The contribution of classics and modern researchers in theorizing the transfer of intellectual resources in public life is noted. Transformations of views on the declared subject are traced. A comprehensive analysis of the impact of imports and exports of highly qualified professionals and specialists for donor and recipient countries has been carried out. The analysis of the experience of Russian reality highlights the problem of "brain drain" caused by the destruction of Soviet foundations and triggered inertia, as a result of which, on the one hand, intellectuals seek to find a more comfortable state for life, on the other the needs of reforming their own economy along a clean democratic path are actualized. The forms of intellectual migration are given. The features of intellectual migration in the countries of the European Union, which have a high degree of attractiveness for intellectuals, are considered in detail. The motives of relocation of researchers and scientists with a high level of competence are revealed. Taking into account the experience of Germany, the variants of regulatory regulation in order to consolidate qualified specialists are demonstrated and, conversely, measures of negative discrimination against the entry of foreign residents who are not such are indicated. In line with pragmatics, individual countries create jobs for professionals from Asia, Africa, Latin America and South-Eastern Europe. The international and domestic experience regarding intellectual migration is critically analyzed. In conclusion, the main results of the study are summarized, serving as a starting point for a future detailed analysis of individual contextual realities in which the processes of intellectual migrations unfold.